Parameters and limits

Bounds enforced by the app on each action, protocol risk parameters, fees and refresh intervals. Values as of 2026-10-11, mainnet. The app enforces the current values and displays protocol parameters on each market's details page.

Risk parameters

Market	Collateral factor	Reserve factor	Borrow cap	Supply cap (off-chain)
XRP	75 %	20 %	1,000 XRP	3,500,000 XRP
USDC.axl	80 %	20 %	2,000 USDC	50,000 USDC
XRP/USDC LP	35 %	0 %	Borrowing paused (collateral-only)	$95,600

• Borrow caps are market-wide: the total borrowed from a market cannot exceed the cap. Caps are set at conservative values during the opening phase and raised over time.
• Supply caps are not enforced by the contracts. The protocol monitors each market and may pause supplying when a cap is reached.
• Collateral factor changes go through a 48-hour timelock. Other parameters can change without delay. See Protocol overview.

Liquidation parameters

Protocol-wide. See Health factor and liquidations.

Parameter	Value
Close factor	50 %
Liquidation incentive	10 %
Protocol seize share	2.8 %

Interest rate models

Each market uses a jump rate model: the borrow rate rises linearly with utilization up to the kink, then steeply. The borrow rate at the kink equals the multiplier. Displayed on each market's details page under Rate Model.

Market	Base rate	Borrow rate at the kink	Kink	Jump multiplier
XRP	0 %	5 %	80 %	85 %
USDC.axl	0 %	8 %	90 %	75 %
XRP/USDC LP	0 %	0 %	—	0 %

Rates are annualized from per-block values and displayed without compounding. The Slope Below Kink row of the app's Rate Model table is the multiplier divided by the kink, i.e. the rate increase per unit of utilization (6.25 % for XRP, 8.89 % for USDC.axl); the borrow rate reached at the kink is the multiplier itself (5 % and 8 %).

Per-action amounts

Market	Minimum	Maximum per action
XRP	0.01 XRP	10,000 XRP
USDC.axl	0.01 USDC	10,000 USDC
XRP/USDC LP	0.000001 LP	$1,000 of LP at the oracle price

• Limits apply per action, not per account. A borrow is also limited by the market's borrow cap and available liquidity.
• Repay all is not subject to the maximum.
• The USD maximum of the LP market is not applied to a withdrawal while the oracle price reads 0.
• Issued-token amounts are limited to 16 significant digits, the maximum the XRPL can encode. 10 and 0.001 are accepted; 10.000000000000001 is rejected.

New markets carry their own bounds, displayed in the app.

Borrow

Rule	Value
Suggested maximum (80% safe limit)	80 % of the available borrow limit, capped by the market's available liquidity. Corresponds to a health factor of 1.25
Borrow disabled	At 100 % of the borrow limit or above, or above the market's available liquidity
Warning	High utilization — liquidation risk from 80 % of the borrow limit

Repay all

The payment carries the debt plus 0.1 % to cover interest accrued during the relay. The market takes exactly the outstanding debt; the surplus remains in the user's proxy and is not returned automatically.

Deadlines

Action	Deadline
Borrow, Withdraw, Enable or disable collateral	30 minutes
Supply, Repay	6 hours

See Transactions.

Fees

Fee	Paid to	Amount
Bridge fee	Axelar, per action	Quoted in the modal, in XRP, from the relay's gas price. Unused gas is not refunded
Delivery to XRPL	Paid by the protocol	The return leg of a borrow or a withdrawal is paid from the bridge's own reserve
XRPL transaction fee	The XRPL	A few drops per transaction
Protocol fee	Securd	None on actions. The protocol retains the reserve factor on interest and the protocol seize share on liquidations

The second wallet prompt when supplying or repaying an issued token is the bridge fee of that transfer, not an additional fee.

XRPL reserves

Reserve	Amount
Account base reserve	1 XRP
Owner reserve, per trust line and other ledger object	0.2 XRP

Spendable XRP is the balance minus these reserves. Opening or raising a trust line requires 0.2 XRP of spendable balance plus the transaction fee.

Trust lines

Rule	Value
Limit set when opening a trust line	1,000,000 units
Limit set when raising a trust line	1,000,000 units, or twice the balance after the delivery, whichever is higher

Oracle prices

Rule	Value
XRP and USDC prices	Band price feeds, stale after 1 hour
LP price publication	At least every 2 minutes, or on a move of 1 % or more
LP price staleness	15 minutes after the last publication
LP Prices page snapshot	Every 5 minutes

Refresh intervals

Data	Interval
Markets (rates, totals, prices)	30 seconds
XRPL balances and trust lines	15 seconds
Open transaction status	5 seconds while a transaction is open, 30 seconds otherwise
Market history	One snapshot per hour